common name: tessellated scale
scientific name: Eucalymnatus tessellatus (Signoret) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Coccidae)

Introduction - Synonymy - Distribution - Description - Hosts - Economic Importance - Management - Selected References

Introduction

Tessellated or palm scale is a soft scale that was first described in France by V. Signoret in 1873 from specimens collected on a palm he reported as Caryota ursus. The genus Eucalymnatus, according to Borchsenius (1957), contains 17 species; two species are Ethiopian in origin and the remainder neotropical. Borchsenius (1957) considers E. tessellatus (Sign.) probably South American in origin and disseminated by man to all parts of the world on its cultivated hosts.

Synonymy

Lecanium tessellatum Signoret, 1873
Eucalymnatus tessellatus, Cockerell & Parrott, 1901
Eucalymnatus, Lindinger, 1943.

Distribution

In Florida, Division of Plant Industry collections include specimens from the following counties: Alachua, Baker, Brevard, Broward, Charlotte, Clay, Collier, Dade, Dixie, Duval, Escambia, Flagler, Glades, Gulf, Hendry, Hernando, Highlands, Hillsborough, Indian River, Jefferson, Lake, Lee, Leon, Manatee, Marion, Martin, Monroe, Nassau, Orange, Palm Beach, Pasco, Pinellas, Polk, Putnam, St. Johns, St. Lucie, Sarasota, Seminole, and Volusia.

Description

The adult female is oval, opaque, reddish brown to dark brown, and 4 to 5 mm in length. The apex is angulate and the posterior broadly rounded. The dorsal surface appears checkered or cellular in pattern when examined with the aid of a 10-power hand lens or magnifying glass. A median, longitudinal, smooth ridge divides the cellular pattern on the dorsal surface. The cells formed nearer the ridge appear concave, progressively becoming flattened outwardly to the larger, flat, marginal cells.

female on host stem

adult

Hosts

Achras zapota L. (sapodilla), Ajuga reptans L. (bugle weed), Allamanda neriifolia Hook., Alocasia sp., Alpinia speciosa (Wendl.) Schum. (shell ginger), Annona muricata L. (soursop), A. reticulata L. (common custard-apple, bullocks-heart), Anthurium andraeanum Lind., A. magnificum Lind., Archontophoenix alexandrae Wendl. & Drude (alexander palm), Ardisia escallonioides Schiede & Deppe (marlberry), A. pickeringia Torr. & Gray, Areca catechu L. (betelnut palm), Arecastrum romanzoffianum Becc. (queen's palm), Asplenium nidus L. (bird's nest fern), Baccharis angustifolia Michx. (groundsel), Bischofia javanica Toog., Brunsfelsia sp. (lady-of-the-night), cactus (unknown), Callistemon spp. (bottlebrush), Calocarpum sapota Merr. (sapota), Calophyllum sp. (beauty-leaf), Carissa sp., Caryota mitis Lour. (fish-tail palm), C. urens L. (wine-palm), Cestrum sp. (jessamine), Chamaedorea elegans Mart. (neanthe bella palm, dwarf palm, parlor palm), C. tenella H. Wendl., Chrysalidocarpus lutescens Wendl. (areca palm), Chrysophyllum cainito L. (star-apple), Chrysophyllum sp. (satinleaf), Cinnamomum cassia Nees & Eberm. (cassia bark tree), Cinnamomum sp. (cinnamon), Cleyera album Wendl. & Drude, Dieffenbachia sp., Diospyros ebenaster Retz., Dipholis salicifolia (L.) A. DC. (willow bustic), Dizygotheca elegantissima (Veitch) Vig. & Guill. (aralia), Dracaena sp., Elaeocarpus cyaneus Sims, Ervatamia coronaria Stapf. (crape-jasmine), Eugenia hookeriana Hort. (Australian brush cherry), Euphoria longana Lam. (longan, lungan), Eurya sp., Fatshedera lizei (Cochot) Guill., Fatsia sp., Feijoa sellowiana Berg., Ficus jacquiniaefolia A. Rich (jacquinia fig), F. rubiginosa Vent. (rusty fig), Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (cape jasmine), Genipa clusiaefolia (Jacq.) Griseb. (seven-year apple), Gerbera jamesonii Bolus (African daisy), Gordonia lasianthus (L.) Ellis (loblolly bay), Hedera sp. (English ivy, ivy), Hedychium sp. (gingerlily), Homalocladium platycladium Bailey (ribbon plant, ribbon bush, tapeworm plant), Ilex cassine L. (Florida holly, dahoon holly, yaupon holly), I. cornuta Lindl. (Chinese holly), I. cornuta Lindl. 'Burfordii' (Burford holly), I. glabra (L.) A. Gray (gallberry), I. latifolia Thunb. (lusterleaf holly), Ixora parviflora Vahl. (giant ixora), Ixora sp. (white ixora), Jasminum sp. (jasmine), Kentia belmoreana F. Muell., Kigelia pinnata DC. (sausage tree), Laurus nobilis L. (sweet bay tree), Litchi chinensis Sonner (lychee), Lucuma nervosa A. DC. (canistel, eggfruit), Macrozamia peroffskyana Miq. (a cycad), Magnolia virginiana L. (white bay), Mangifera indica L. (mango), Mascarena sp., Melaleuca leucadendron L. (punk tree, cajeput), Mimusops emarginata L. (wild sapodilla), M. roxburghiana Wight (bulletwood), Muehlenbeckia sp. (inch plant, maidenhair vine, wire plant), Musa sp. (banana), Myrtus sp., Nerium sp. (oleander), Ochrosia sp. (kopsia), Ocotea catesbyana (Michx.) Sarg., Peltandra virginica Kunth (green arrow-arum), Persea americana Mill. (avocado), Philodendron sp., Phoenix roebeleni O'Brien (pigmy date palm), Phoradendron flavescens Nutt. (mistletoe), Pilea sp. (aluminum plant), Ptychosperma elegans (R. Br.) Blume (solitaire palm), Rapanea guaynensis Aubl., Rhapis excelsa (Thunb.) Henry (lady palm), Rhaphidophora decursiva Scott, Rhodomyrtus sp. (downy myrtle), Schinus terebinthifoius Raddi (Brazilian pepper tree), Scindapsus sp. (pothos), Stigmaphyllon sp., Strobilanthes sp., Syzgium jambos Alston (rose apple), Tetrapanax papyriferus Koch (Chinese rice paper plant), Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) Schum. (luckynut), Thunbergia sp., Trachycarpus fortunei H. Wendl. (windmill palm), Trevesia palmata Vis. 'Micholitzii' (devil's tongue) and Viburnum odoratissimum Ker.

scale on ribbon bush

Economic Importance

Tessellated scale is primarily a leaf-infesting soft scale and a greenhouse pest. In South Florida, it is frequently found out-of-doors on palms, crape-jasmine, and mango. Infestations are often of economic importance in commercial nurseries whenever pest management programs are neglected.

Management

Insect Management Guide for fruit
Insect Management Guide for ornamentals

Selected References


Author: G.W. Dekle, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry.
Originally published as DPI Entomology Circular No. 138.
Photographs: Division of Plant Industry and Paul. M. Choate, University of Florida
Project Coordinator: Thomas R. Fasulo, University of Florida
Publication Number: EENY-90
Publication Date: June 1999
Copyright 1999 University of Florida

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